Calculating-machine.



A. HOGH. CALCULATING MAGHINE. APPLIOAIION FILED F3123, 1909. 961,961Patented June 21,1910.

4 SHEBTSSHBET 2,

ATTORNEY.

A. HOGH.

CALCULATING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED mums, 1909.

Patented June 21, 1910.

4 4SHBETB-SHEBT 3.

WITNESESE.

Wfi

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

i ADAM HOCH, OF PROVIDENCE, RHODE ISLAND, ASSIGNOR TO ADDING ANDSUBTRACT- ING MACHINE COMPANY, A CORPORATION OF RHODE ISLAND.

CALCULATING-MACHINE.

Application filed February 23, 1909. Serial No. 479,382.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, ADAM Ho'on, a citizen of the United States, residingat Providence, in the county of Providence and State of Rhode Island,have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Calculating-Machines, of which the following is a specl- I means for performing theoperationsof both addition and subtraction; to render it possible toconnect and operate a plurality of rings contemporaneously orsuccessively and with a single lever; to enable accumulation in twodirections either for addition or for subtraction; and to render itunnecessary to return the lever to original position until thecollection of all the digits of the number to be added or subtracted hasbeen collected.

Further objects are simplicity in construction and operation, andaccuracy of results. \Vith the above objects in view and others,

as will appear as the description proceeds,

the invention comprises the various novel features of construction andarrangement of parts and combination of parts hereinafter described, andset forth in the appended claims.

It will be understood that various changes in form, proportions, size,and minor details of structure may be made without departing from thespirit or sacrificing any of the advantages of the invention;

In the accompanying drawings, which constitute a partof thisspecification, and in which like reference numerals indicate like partsthroughout the views, Figure 1 is a top plan view of a machine embodyingmy invention showing parts of. the housing plate and rings broken away,Fig. 2, a side elevation of the same, Fig. 3, a bottom plan View of themachine, Fig. 4, a diametrical section of the same, Fig. 5, a partialdiametrical section of the same enlarged and showing one of the plungersdropped, Fig. 6, a similar section of the same showing all the plungerselevated, Fig. 7 a perspective view of a plungery-and Figs. 8, 9, 10 and11, sections Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented J une 21, 1910.

on lines a '0, w w, m :22, and y g respectively of Fig. 3.

In its present embodiment, my machine comprises a circular base orframe, 1, provided with a flat marginal rim, 2, and having a pluralityof rubber feet, studs, or other supporting means, 3, upon its bottomsurface. The face of the rim is graduated throughout half its length toform a semicircular index, 4, comprising upon its inner margin a seriesof lines, 5, numbered consecutively from 1 to 99 from right to left, andupon its outer margin a second series of lines, 6, alternating with thefirst series of lines, and numbered successivel from left to right up to99. The lines 0 series 6 as will be later described, are employed insubtraction, and the series 5 in addition calculations. The rim, 2, andthe adjacent portion of the frame are provided with transverse slots, 7and 8, located diametrically opposite each other at the ends of theindex scale, 4. The upper face of the frame is provided adjacent the rimwith a broad annular channel, 9, and with three inner concentric annularseats, 1O, 11 and 12, provided respectively in their bottom portionswith grooves, 13, 14 and 15, and separated respectively from thechannel, 9, and from each other by the shoulders, 16, 17 and 18.Adjacent the shoulders, the seats are respectively provided withdepressions, 20, 21 and 22. Upon the shoulder, 16, is fixed by screws,24, or otherwise, a semi-circular index 'plate, 25, provided with 100radially disposed pointed teeth, 26, forming intermediate indentationsupon its periphery, and extending the length of the scale, 4. Theindentations are in radial alinement with the index lines, 4 and 5.Rotatably mounted in the seats, 10, 11, and 12, respectively, are thenumeral or dial rings, 28, 29, and 30, each rovided with 200 peripheralteeth and in entations, 31,,

its upper face with a series 0 numerals, 37

38 and 39. These numerals in each case run from 00 to 99 upon one-halfof the ring, and are'repeated upon the other half of the ring. Eachnumeral correspondsto one of the 200 indentations. The denominations onring is and tens on ring 219, hundreds and 76. Piroted upon pin, 95, inthe outer v oards', on ring 20, ten thousands end of the arm, 52, is avertical operating thousand? The carrying pins lev 1, 96, provided uponits upper end with are located immet iately below a handle, 97. Pivotedto a stud, 98, in the the in i6): numerals, O and 99, lever is a pawl,100, adapted to engage the are ouroosed to the arrying n'ieelr teeth,73,01 the plate, 68. The pawl is pro- 7 dried with :1 lug or finger,101, adapted to ed oy screws, all, or otherwise to the rest against thefront ot a pin, 102, fixed in :taee of the fr \e is a housing plate, thelever arm, 52. This lever pawl is upth the top of rim, 2, and out."Wardly pressed. into engagement: with the 7 zmor a nortion of itsmargin at i3, tee h, 73, by a Wire s, )ring, 104, one of whose I l \J 1v I to expose the teeth, 25, oi: the index plate, ends extends beneaththe pawl arm, and.

2S, and has semi-circularslots, 5 and 46, whose other end is timed to apin, 106, upon above the ring teeth, 31, and Bo lespeothe lever, 36.Pivoted. upon a pin, 107, in further Provided with POW the arm, 52,abovethe plate, 68, is a detent, SQ

oienings, 49,50 and the last L03, normally engaging the teeth, '72, andg located Over l'in jS 8, 11ml providet t with. an upturned finger,10%), rest-- r i g; mm is 13" Yflfl'lllli'ed innagainst a, pin, lit), inthe lever, 96, and to, E12, upon the upper Gnu O' id hr 2: spring, lit,upon the arm. A, tad, 53, which pas -es tirouszli e outward n'iovemeiuioi the handle, 97', and 55', in the cents i rough the pawl, 100,advances the plunger and, fi l, res ieet-ively, and 1am plate, 68, thedistanee of a tooth, 73, 351 p its pp mm with a 591%? against thepresser of spring, 70, at; whieh 55, and at, lower portion, with pointthe tTlQt'Qilt', 108, engages its next tooth,

reads, 56, to re eive milled retain- 72, and prevents the return of theplaie, 68.

The operating arm longitu- This described adranee of the latter plate n1pt'riv virtue of the inelinea'l portion of the cam ossed 59 and (it), aJo. l'ni'eo vertical openings, 61, (32, slot, 76, depresses the plunger,88, throwing tain operating ineeht 10 point of the latter intoengagement: with accommodate eer now to be described, One side or. thethe arm is cut away to receive side pl't 64,, iiXQd by screws, r rm,with neh, for the purposes utther tleseuption, it will he treated as 'ip, Slidably mounted in the nuent results in engaging the plunger, 86,

". 55), in the arm is a plun 'er cam with the teeth oi outer ring, 28.The three I *3 end of ole A w u I a hose inner end 1s eont iring 70,three independent movements the handle reed with pl ingers are thussuccessively depressed by n, 39, pressed, by s1 1 recess. 60. The outwadinovein an outvmrd direction. All the plungers the screws, '65, 2 metwhich its outer end movement of the lever handle invardly Tilt) ipperand lower end margins which disengages the pawl and detent' from v lywith their respective teeth and permits the plate,

a row of three cam lots, 74, of its spring. The lateral swing of thehan- 1L0 s inelined intermediate port'oi arm, 52, which, when connectedto any nu- L l i moral ring, rotates the mine a eorresptmdin tent tar;plate, 68, is limited by one of are sinnil'taneously elevated by asingle :05

- are Wider, respeeti or no '43; and its l) t'ty por- ($9, to shootoutwardly under the pressure s Tithe outer slot, I i, ha a down (lle,97. imparts: a circular movement to the i wpe and lower ttirazalu'o.

oe mediate slot ""fitliii fi por l To index the movement of: the arm,52, U5 an .1: a I, there is in its end above the gradimtions of r ranportion to, tire the scale, 4, an index pin, L12. lnfront; oi"

,iwardly int-lined this pin, upon the arm, a l up, 113. extend- 83, andan extend cl horizontal inn; downwardly into the channel, 9, which idportion, El i. The latter longer serves as a bearing; for the free endof the 120 the portion arm.

. call slitlalile the opening: oil 62 iin'ation of the lever, 96,operates other eehanisln. The bottom of the frame has a olungers, 86, 8and Du se nun ers, which 1113i rim or boss, out. awav at o m it) L,

I r v. on,

, are each )roi i 1 points. 116 and 'iiz'mrhieti are ln'idLed U5 09, inK, v ,i I tes, 11S and lit). zrllflllZOiiiztlSlklilllle rte, ithisprovided with an oblong horizon-- and an oblong vertical opening, 121,and M, and Wit flat int ral lateral arms, 12

- in alinement with each other, passing HO :xsely in the p ate, 120, ispivoted intermediate its ends and provided in its opposite end withthree provided upon their respective ends with re- ,ment of the levers,129 and 130. The end of )1 hub or projection, 135, upon the framesurprojections or bosse's, 158 and 159, in which over the retainingplates, 118 and 119, and having upon the1r respective ends verticallugs, 125 and 126, which correspond in shape with the sectional contourof the rim, 2. The plate, 120, has also upon its lower portion iinwardly directed lateral lugs, 127 and 128, l contacting with the inneredges of two levers, 129 and 130, pifvobed'at their upper ends to thebase by screws, 131 and 132, and connected at their lower ends by aspiral spring, 133. Projections, 134, upon. the frame, serveas stops forthe inward moverounding the pin, 53, extends through the o ening, 121.Upon this hub above the a flat oblong oscillating or vibrating camplate, 137, disposed at right angles to the slide plate, 120, andprovided near its lower end with a pin, 138, registering in slot, 122,

transversely disposed cam slots, 139, 140, 141, substantially parallelwith each other, and each downwardly inclined toward both ends. Thedescribed mechanism, actuated by lever, 96, drives 01' operates theaccumulating mechanism.

' Fixed to the plate, 137, by screws, 143 and 144, or otherwise are twooppositely disposed lateral arms or levers, 145 and 146,

ceding cam plates, 147 and 148, which, together with the arms, serve ascam levers. he operative portions of the cam plate, 147, compriseinwardly directed fingers, 149, provided with interspaced beveled ends,150, forming a. segmental slot, 152. The plate, 148, has similarfingers, 153, with beveled interspaced ends, 154, and forming asegmental slot, 155. Fixed to the bottom of plates 147 and 148, arebearing or lifter plates .156 and 157, respectively projecting across"the slots.

Adjacent the plates, 147 and 148, the bot-- tom of, the base is providedwith integral are openings, 160 and-161, respectively extending throughthe base, which receive as a sliding fit the stems or rods, 162 and 163of circular receding cams, 164 and 165, each provided with inclined orconical upper and 1 lower faces, 1.66, 167 and 168, 169 These cams,which are upon the lower ends of the stems, are normally supported bythe bearing or lifter plates, 156 and 157. Fixed to the upper end ofrod, 162, is a star segment or disk, 171, provided with a tooth, 17 2and a marginal cavity, 173. A similar segment, 174, is fixed to the endof rod, 103, and has a similar tooth, 175, and cavity, 176. Loose uponthe rods, 162 and 16B, respectively, and resting upon the upper face ofthe frame, are segment gears, 178 and 179, each provided with a fixedvertical pin, 180, l

181, adapted to pass loosely through the cavity, 173 and 176. Theportions of the upperface of the frame beneath and adjacent thesegmental gears are recessed as at 183 and 184, to form flatbearingsurfaces below the plane of the numeral rings for theaccumulating mechanism. \Vhen'the rods, 162 and 163, are in normalelevated position, the star segment teeth, 172 and 175, are respectivelyin the path of the pins, 35, of the ring, 29, and of the pins, 36, onthe ring, 30. The vibrations of cam plates 147 and 148, reciprocate thestar segments, 171 and 174, into and below the path of pins, 35 and 36.The circular movement of the numeral rings, 29 and 30, ineither'direction, when their pins engage the cam segments, impartsmovement to the segment gears, 178 and 179, in a correspondingdirection.

Reference will now be made to the accunnilating mechanism. Pivotallymounted upon pins, 186 and 187, and resting upon the recessed upper faceof the frame at 183 and 184. are segmental accumulation plates or disks,188 and 189, respectively, provided upon a portion of their margins withgear teeth, 190 and 191, meshing with segment gears, 178 and 179. Theplates are also respectively provided with V-shaped marginal recesses,192 and 193, adapted to receive the Vshaped ends of plungers, 195 and196, slidably mounted in tubes, 197 and198, sol dered, threaded, orotherwise fixed in the base, and pressed into the recesses by springs,199 and 200 in the. tubes. The springs are held in position by screws orplugs, 201 and 202, in the ends of the tubes. The plungers and springsmaybe mounted in recesses in the frame itself, if preferred. Pivot'ed atone end by a pin, 204, to the face of the segment, 188, and 189,respectively.

provided upon a portion of their margins with gear teeth, 190 and 191,meshing with segment gears, 178 and 179. The plates are alsorespectively provided with V-shaped marginal recesses, 192 and 193,adapted to receive the V-shaped ends of plungers, 195

and 196, slidably mounted in tubes, 197 and 198, soldered, threaded,orotherwise fixed in the base, and pressed into the recesss by springs,199 and- 200 in the tubes. springs are held in position by screws orplugs, 201 and 202, in the ends of the tubes. The plungers and springsmay be mounted in recesses in the frame itself if preferred. Iivoted atone end by a pin, 204, to the face of the segment, 188, at a pointopposite the teeth, 190, and near the recess, 192, is an accumulatinglever, 205, provided upon the upper face of its free end with a tooth,206,

and, at a corresponding point upon its lower face, with a pin orprojection,,207, passing loosely through an oblong opening, 208, in theframe and through the'ca m slot, 140. A second accumulating lever, 210,is pivoted (main s of 3 Shawn 95 59.. 1s m t the Q 7 with 1h; side msiif 1 121. hon mused th 11s 3 svgnwnt gears,

an t

193'. O in he 60 dame rim be as (h:

from the'rin s as described. This inward vibration of t e handle forcesthe lower end of the lever, 96, outwardly against the lug, 125, thussliding the plate, 120 laterally to complete the carryin operations.

In the process 0 subtraction the same movements are performed by thehandle, 97,

- of addition, but in an opposite direction, and

the use of complementary numbers in subtraction calculations iseliminated.

Obviously the greater or less number of numeral rings and theircorresponding accumulation members may be embodied in my machine, andthe indicator be omitted, without departing from the spirit of myinvention.

I do not desire to be limited to the exact details of construction shownandidescribed, for obvious modifications will occur to a person skilledin the art.

What I claim is,

1. In a calculating machine, the combination with the frame, of anumeral ring slidably mounted upon the frame, an operating arm pivotallymounted in the frame concentric with the ring, a plunger slidablymounted in the arm adapted to engage the ring, and means in the armadapted to actuate' the plunger.

2. In a calculating machine, the combination with the frame, of anumeral ring upon the frame, an arm pivotally mounted upon the frameconcentric with the ring, a plunger slidably mounted in the arm andadapted to engage the ring, and shdable means in the arm for actuatingthe plunger.

3. In a calculating machine, the combination with the frame, of anumeral ring upon the frame, an armpivotally mounted upon the frameconcentric with the ring, a reciprocating plunger in the arm adapted toengage the ring, and means in the arm for reciprocating the plunger.

4. In a calculating machine, the combination with the frame, of anumeral ring upon the frame, an arm pivotally mounted upon the frameconcentric with the. ring, a reeipro eating plunger in the arm adaptedto engage the ring, and slidahlem'eans in the arm for reciprocating theplunger.

5. In a calculating machine, the combination withthe frame,,of aplurality of numeral rings slidably mounted in the frame, an o cratingarm pivotallymounted upon the rame, a plurality of plungers slidablymounted in the arm above the rings and adapted to engage the same, andmeans in the arm for selectively operating the plungers.

6. In a calculating machine, the combination with theframe, of a,plurality of numeral rings mounted in the frame, an operating arm uponthe frame, a plurality of plungers in the arm above the several ringsand adapted to engage the same, and means in thearm for operating theplungers in succession.

7. In a calculating machine, the combina tion with the frame, of aplurality of numeral rings upon the frame, an operating arm upon theframe, a plurality of plungers in the arm above the several rings andadapted to engage the same, and means in the arm for operating theplungers in'dependently of each other.

8. In a calculating machine, the combination with the frame, of astationary index upon the frame provided with two concentric reverselyarranged series of graduations alternating with each other, independentnumeral rings rotatably mounted upon the frame concentric with the indexand movable in opposite directi0ns.end-provided with graduations, andmeans upon the frame for simultaneously rotating the rings.

9. In a calculating machine, the combination with the frame, of an indexupon the frame provided with reversely arranged series of graduations,independent numeral rings rotatably mounted upon the frame concentricwith the index and rotatable in opposite directions each ring beingprovi ed with a single continuous series of graduations, and means uponthe frame for rotating the rings. I ,10. In a calculating machine, thecombination with the frame, of a stationary curved indexupon the frameand provided with two concentric series of graduations reverselyarranged as to 'denominative values, a plurality of numeral wheels r0-tatably mounted upon the frame concentric with the index and eachprovided with a single series of graduations arranged in a cir le.

11. In a calculating machine, the combination with the frame andnunicrahrin s upon the frame, of an operating arm pivotally mounted uponthe frame concentric with the rings, a longitudimilly disposed cam plateslidably mounted in the arm, a

.plurality of plungers slidably mounted in the arm and engaging the camplate, spring means in the arm for sliding the plate in one direction,and an operatlng lever plvotally mounted in the arm for moving the platein the opposite direction.

12. In a calculating machine, the combination with the frame and numeralrings upon the frame, of an operating arm piv- 'otallv mounted upon theframe concentric with the rings, a cam plate provided with a pluralityof downwardly inclined cam slots,

a plurality of plungers slidably mounted in the arm, supporting pins inthe plungers registering in the cam slots, spring means in the arm formoving the plate in one direction, and pivotal means in the arm formoving the plate in the opposite direction.

13. In a calculating machine, the combination with the frame and numeralrings, of an operating arm pivotally mounted upon the frame concentricwith the rings, a cam plate slidably mounted in the arm and providedwith inclined teeth upon its upper and lower margins, a plurality ofplungers slidably mounted in the arm and engaging the cam plate, aspring in the arm pressing against one end of the cam plate, anoperating lever pivotally mounted in the II121T1S upon the lever forengaging the teeth upon the lower margin of the plate, and

means upon the lever for engaging the teeth upon the upper margin of theplate.

14. In a calculating machine,--the com bination with the frame, of aplurality of numeral rings upon the frame, an operating arm pivotallymounted upon the frame coucentric with the rings, a plurality ofplungers slidably mounted in the frame adapted to engage the rings,means in the arms for successively depressing the plungers intoengagement with the rings, and means in the arm cooperating with thedepressing means for simultaneously elevating the plungers out ofengagement with the rings.

15. In a calculating machine, the com hination with the frame andnumeral rings, of an operating arm mounted upon the frame concentricwith the rings, a longitu- .dinally slidabl cam plate mounted in the armprovided with two sets of teeth, a plurality of plungers slidablymounted in the arm and operatively connected with the cam plate, aspring in the arm for outwardly pressing the cam plate, an operatinglever in the arm adjacent the cam plate, a pawl upon the lever adaptedto engage one set of teeth, and a detent upon the lever adapted toengage the other set of teeth.

16. In a calculating machine, the combination with the frame, of numeralrings slidably mounted upon the frame, accumu-v lating mechanism u onthe frame oper firtivelyconnected wit the rings, and means for operatingthe rings and actuating the accumulating mechanism.

17. In a calculating machine, the combination with the frame, of numeralrings rotatably mounted upon the f 'ame, accumir lating mechanismmounted in the frame,

*' :{mcans for rotating the rings, means operated by the rings forsetting the accumulating mechanism relatively to the rings, and

E i. means independent of the rings for driving arm adjacent the otherend of the cam plate,

the. accumulating mechanism after the ting operation.

18. In a calculating machine, the combination with the fume, of numeralrings slidably mounted in the frame, an operating arm pivotally mountedin the ease concentrically with the rings, an accun'iulating mechanismin the base operatively connected with the rings and means in theoperating handle for actuating the accumulating .mech anism.

19. In a calculating machine, the combination with a plurality ofnumeral rings, of an accumulating mechanism for each ring, meansactuated by the numeral. rings for setting the accumulating mechanismsrelatively to the rings, and means for multaneously operatii'ig thea-umulat mechanisms after the setting operation.

20. In. a calculating machine, the combination with the frame, ofaplurality of numeral rings slidably mounted upon the. frame, avibratory cam plate pivotally mounted upon the frame concentric with therings and provided with cam slots, accumulation plates pivotally mountedupon the frame, accumulation levers pivoted to the accumulation platesand movable toward and away from the rings, teeth upon the leversadapted to engage the rings, pins upon the levers registering in the camslots and actuated by the cam plate, operative connections between therings and accum tion plates, and. means for vibrating the cam plate.

21. In a calculating machine, the comb tion with the fame, of numeralrings e ably mounted in the frame and pro with. indentations, pins uponthe rings, star disks in the paths of the numeral pins, rods rotatahlyn'iountcd in the frame and to which the star disks are fixed, gearsloose upon the rods and connected with the star disks, accumulatingplates pivotally mounted upon the frame provided with teeth en gagingthe gears, and providedwith recesses, plungers yieldingly mounted in theframe registering in the recesses, accumulating levers mountedpivotally. upon the accmnulating plates, teeth upon the levers adaptedto enter the indentations of the numeral rings, and means for moving thelevers.

In a calculating machine, the combination with the frame, of numeralrings slid ably mounted in the frame, pins upon the rings, rodsslid-ably mounted in the frame at rightangles to the plane of the rings,star disks fixed to the tops of the rods and normally in the paths ofthe ring pins, gears loose upon the rods and resting upon the frame,:mcumulating mechanisms engaged by the gears, receding cams upon thelowerends of the rods, :1 vibratory plate pivotally mounted upon theframe concentric n 'lli the when the rings, arms upon the plate, cam,lates upon the armsadapted to contact witii the cams pivoted plate isvibrated, vand means for vlbrating the pivoted plate.

23. In a calculatlng machine, the combination with the numeral rings,ring pins, and accumulating mechanisms, of setting mechanisms, eachsetting mechanism comprising a rod, a cam upon the rod, a star disk,fixed to the rod and provided with a cavity, a gear loose upon the rod,and a pin upon the gear extendlng loosel through the cavity.

" 24:. In a calcu ating machine, the combina- 2 0, I tlon with avibratorly .tion with the" numeral rings,

and accumulating ring pins, and accumulating mechanisms, of settingmechanisms normally/ connecting the ring pins mechanisms, and means fordisconnecting Qt'he setting mechanisms from the' rin teeth.

25'. In a ca culatingmachine, the combinathe frame provided with a hub,of. Icamplatpivotally mounted intermed-i ateits lengthlupon the hub, aplate slidably mounted in the frame at ri ht angles to the cam plate andprovided, wlth of the levers, latera evers pivoted at one end upon the mne at opposite sides 1 of the hub, a sprln connecting the free ends lugsupon theslide plate in contact with the levers, and-projections upon theframe also in contact with the levers.

26.. Ina calculating machine, the combination with the frame, of anumeral ring slidably' mountedupon the frame, a pin upon the ring, astar wheel in the path of the ring-pin, a pin loose in the frame and towhich the star wheel is fixed, a pinion upon thesecond in, a gearmeshing with the pinion and xed to a third in, and a numeraldisk alsofixed to the t iird pin.

In testimony whereof I have affixed my signature in presence of twowitnesses.

. ADAM HOCH,

Witnesses: Y

J. BAILEY FARMER, E. L. Hmonnrono late register-

